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从纯音测试图判断是传导性还是感音性耳聋
#1
人耳的听损情况分为三种:传导性耳聋、感音神经性耳聋以及混合性耳聋,但是如何区分这三种耳聋以及他们各有什么特点呢?
1、传导性耳聋的产生机理:存在于外耳或中耳,声音在抵达内耳之前的振动受到阻碍,内耳功能正常,但因为刺激弱而不能产生神经冲动,大多数可以治疗。
纯音测听显示:骨导正常,气导较差,且气导骨导之差大于10dB。
传导性耳聋产生的原因是:外耳道堵塞性病变:外耳道耵聍栓塞、异物、闭锁或肿瘤,骨膜穿孔:由炎症、异物、或爆破声、或扇耳光引起,听骨链固定:大声、扇耳光、交通事故等,中耳炎症:鼓膜炎、分泌性中耳炎、化脓性中耳炎。
传导性耳聋的解决办法:可以到医院进行鼓膜修补、分泌性中耳炎治疗,如治疗效果不好建议选配助听器。
2、感音神经性耳聋的产生机理:发生在内耳、听神经、大脑皮层,占听力损失的95%,主要表现由于衰老、噪音损伤或疾病引起。(内耳的毛细胞、神经等受损)
纯音测听显示:气导、骨导均下降,两者间差距小于10dB。
感音神经性耳聋产生的原因:感音性聋——(耳蜗损伤)耳蜗毛细胞出现损伤或坏死,如噪声性聋、药物性聋。神经性聋——(听神经损伤)由于听神经及其以后的部位病变。中枢性聋——(脑干和大脑皮层病变)可以由于脑肿瘤、脑外伤等引起。
感音神经性耳聋的解决办法:感音性聋和神经性聋通过医疗手段几乎是不可能治愈的,正确的选配助听器是首选的有效途径;中枢性聋选配助听器时要注意使用者的言语识别率。
3、混合性耳聋的产生机理:传导性耳聋和感音神经性耳聋同时存在。
纯音测听显示:气导和骨导都不正常,且气导与骨导之差大于10dB。
混合性耳聋的解决办法:首选助听器。
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从纯音测试图判断是传导性还是感音性耳聋 - by sharylh - 03-29-2020, 03:25 AM

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